Rerum Novarum - Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor

Rerum Novarum by Pope Leo XIII addresses the conflict between capital and labor in a time of significant industrial change. It argues against the socialist idea of abolishing private property, asserting instead that the right to private ownership is a natural human right, essential for individuals and families, and beneficial to society. The document emphasizes the importance of religious and moral principles in resolving social issues and outlines the respective duties of workers and employers, advocating for just wages and conditions. Furthermore, it supports the formation of workers' associations (unions) as a means for working people to improve their circumstances and find mutual aid, while also defining the appropriate role of the State in protecting the common good and ensuring justice for all citizens, particularly the poor. The overall message underscores the Church's role in promoting harmony and charity between social classes based on Christian teachings.

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